INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGYPDF电子书下载
购买点数
20 点
出版社
出版时间
2222
ISBN
标注页数
0 页
PDF页数
537 页
标签
1 Introduction 1
Criminology 2
Scientific Research in Criminology 3
The Emergence of Criminology 5
Crime and Deviance 6
Sumner's Types of Norms 7
Felony vs. Misdemeanor 7
Mala in Se and Mala Prohibita 8
Social Change and Law 9
Consensus vs. Conflict Model of Law 11
Crime and Criminal Law 12
Who Defines Crime? 13
The Crime Problem 13
Summary 17
Key Concepts 19
2 Research Methods in Criminology 21
Theory and Methodology 22
The Research Enterprise of Criminology 23
Who Is Criminal? 25
Official Police Statistics—The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) 26
Issues and Cautions in UCR Data 29
Alternative Data Gathering Strategies 32
Experiments in Criminology 35
Evaluation of Experiments Surveys 38
Participant Observation 48
Life History and Case Studies 51
Unobtrusive Measures 51
Validity, Reliability, and Triangulation 52
Summary 54
Key Concepts 56
Box 2.1—Were you a Victim of Crime? 40- 41
Box 2.2—Self-Reported Delinquency Items 46
3 General Characteristics of Crime and Criminals 57
Caution in Crime Data 58
Variations in Crime 58
The Prevalence of Crime 59
Trends in Crime 59
Age and Crime 68
Sex Differences in Criminality 70
Social Class and Crime 70
Race and Crime 74
Regional Variation in Crime 81
Urban-Rural Differences 82
Institutions and Crime 83
Criminal Typologies 90
Summary 94
Key Concepts 96
Box 3.1—Measuring Crime: A Comparison of Definitions in the UCR and the NCS 60- 61
Box 3.2—What Is the Role of Youth in Crime? 69
Box 3.3—How Many Offenders Are Females? 72- 73
Box 3.4—Crime and Minorities 76- 77
Box 3.5—Some Sociological Typologies of Criminal Behavior 91
4 Occupational and Organizational/Corporate Crime 97
White Collar Crime—The Classic Statement 98
The Measurement and Cost of Occupational and Corporate Crime 100
The History of Corporate,Organizational, and Occupational Crime 103
Typologies of "White Collar Crime" 105
Legal Regulation 107
Occupational Crime 111
Organizational/Corporate Crime 128
Criminal Careers of Occupational and Organizational Offenders 150
Societal Reaction 154
Summary 160
Key Concepts 162
Box 4.1—"White Collar Crime": Varieties of Definitions 101
Box 4.2—Edelhertz's Typology of White Collar Crime 112
Box 4.3—Corporate Dumping 142
Box 4.4—The Wade System of Sources of Information on American Industry 148
5 Violent Crime 163
History of Violence in America 164
Fads and Fashions in Violent Crime 165
Murder and Mayhem 166
Victim Precipitation 169
Offenders 170
Legal Aspects 171
Psychiatry and the Law 172
The Psychopath 174
Statistics 175
Patterns and Trends in Violent Crime 179
Guns 180
Clarke's Typology of Assassins 182
Rape 184
Robbery 190
Violence in the Family 193
Drunk Driving 196
Criminal Careers of Violent Offenders 197
Societal Reaction 201
Summary 208
Key Concepts 211
Box 5.1—Legal Aspects and Definitions of Violent Crimes 171
6 Property Crime: Conventional and Occasional 213
Introduction 214
Occasional Property Criminal Behavior 215
Conventional Property Criminals 213
Juvenile Gangs 231
Arson—A Special Category Offense 232
Criminals 234
Societal Reaction 235
Summary 237
Key Concepts 239
Box 6.1—Definitions of Common Property Offenses 216
Box 6.2—How Much Crime Is There? 218- 19
7 Public Order Crime 241
Introduction 242
Nuts, Guts, Sluts, and "Preverts" 242
Legal Aspects 243
Criminal Careers of Public Order Criminals 252
Societal Reaction 272
Summary 275
Key Concepts 277
Box 7.1—Pornography 247
Box 7.2—Laud Humphrey's Tearoom Trade 258- 59
Box 7.3—The Strange Career of Captain Richmond Hobson—Moral Entrepreneur 264
8 Political Crime 279
Ideology 280
Political Crime: A Definition 280
Legal Aspects 282
Crime by Government 223
Crimes against Government 296
Criminal Careers of Political Criminals 306
Societal Reaction 308
Summary 310
Key Concepts 312
Box 8.1—The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 286- 87
9 Organized (Syndicate) Crime 313
Introduction 314
Organized Crime: A Problematic Definition 314
Sources of Information on Organized Crime 315
Vincent Teresa and the Mafia Craze Types of Organized Crime (Generic Definition) 316
The Organized Crime Continuum 319
Types of Organized Crime (Criminological Definition) 321
International Organized Crime 322
The Nature of Organized Crime 326
The Nature of "The Mafia" 328
Theories of the Nature of Syndicate Crime in the U.S. 329
The Classic Pattern of Organized Crime 334
A Brief History of Organized Crime in the U.S. 342
Criminal Careers of Organized Criminals 349
Public and Legal Reaction 350
Summary 354
Key Concepts 356
10 Professional Crime 357
The Concept of" Professional Crime" 358
Characteristics of Professional Crime 358
A Model of Professional Crime 360
Crime Pays? 361
Edelhertz's Typology 362
Scams 362
Big Cons 367
Boosters 373
The Cannon 374
Professional Burglary 375
The Box Man 376
The Professional Fence 377
Paper Hanging 378
Professional Robbers 379
Professional Arsonists 380
Professional Auto Theft Rings 381
The Youngstown Gang 381
Professional Killers 382
Criminal Careers of Professionals 383
Societal Reaction 385
Summary 386
Key Concepts 388
11 Criminological Theory Ⅰ:Preclassical to Psychological Theories 389
Pure and Applied Theory 390
Major Theoretical Approaches 391
Demonological Theory 393
Classical Theory 393
Neoclassical Theory 396
Ecological Theory 397
Forerunners of Modern Criminological Thought 401
Economic Theory 402
Positivist Theory 404
Multifactor Approach 424
Summary 424
Key Concepts 427
12 Criminological TheoryⅡ:Sociological Theories 429
Major Sociological Theoretical Approaches in Criminology 430
Anomie Theories 430
Social Process Theories 438
Social Control Theories 448
Criminology 451
Labeling Theory 453
Conflict Theory and Conflict Criminology 456
Conflict Criminology 457
Criminology 459
Criminology 461
Critiques of Conflict and Radical Criminology 461
Theoretical Range and Criminological Explanation 463
Summary 465
Key Concepts 468
13 The Future of Crime 469
Criminological Theory and Social Policy 470
Ideology and Social Policy 472
Ideological Approaches to Criminal Justice Policy 473
The Future of Crime 475
Policy Options 476
Summary 479
Key Concepts 480
Appendix 481
References 489
Name Index 513
Subject Index 519
