CORRUPTION：THE ENEMY WITHINPDF电子书下载
购买点数
13 点
出版社
出版时间
2222
ISBN
标注页数
363 页
PDF页数
386 页
标签
Introduction&Barry A.K.Rider 1
Ⅰ.The Nature of the Problem 7
1.Corruption as Counter-culture: Attitudes to Bribery in Local and Global Society&Denis Osborne 9
Introduction 9
Attitudes to Bribery in Different Traditions and Some 9
Words from the Past 11
Descriptions of Bribery in Societies in Transition: Some Words from the Academics 19
Attitudes to Bribery Today: Words of the People and the Media 24
Bribes as a Threat for the Future 26
A Call to Action 29
Summary 32
Annex: References for Quotations in Boxes 1 and 2 34
2.The Crime of Corruption&Michael Levi 35
Is Political Corruption Growing? 37
The Politics of Corruption 39
Comparing Corruption 40
The Control of Scandal and Control by Scandal 41
3.Corruption in Small States: Case Studies in Compromise&Mark Findlay 49
Introduction 49
Corruption and Economic Development 50
Enterprise, Market Models and Corruption 51
Case 1: The Failure of the National Bank of Fiji —Reinterpreting Corruption 53
Case 2: Bank Guarantees from Vanuatu — Disclosing and Decoding Corruption 56
Corruption and Control in Context 59
Identifying and Labelling Corrupt Relationships 60
Relevance of Regulation Agencies 60
Reliance on Commercial Viability Rather than Public Morality as a Measure of the Consequences of Corruption 61
Globalizing the Context of Corruption Relationships 61
Ⅱ.Organized Crime and Corruption 63
4.Corruption and Organized Crime: A Means to an End&Margaret E.Beare 65
Lessons from Organized Crime 66
Corruption as a Requirement for Organized Crime 68
International Response to Organized Crime 70
Application of Lessons to the Concept of Corruption 70
5.Corruption and Organized Crimee&Brice de Ruyver and Tom van der Beken 77
The Relationship 78
Legitimate Crimes 81
Conclusion 84
Ⅲ.Corruption in Public and Financial Life 85
6.Every Person Has a Price?&Wilmer Parker Ⅲ 87
Introduction 87
Frederic William Tokars — A Case Study of Corruption 89
Drug Trafficking and Money Laundering 89
RICO Enterprise Created 90
Tokars Solicits Business 90
Tokars Solicits Money Laundering Customers 91
Tokars and ‘The Parrot’ 92
Tokars and ‘Deion’s Club 21’ 93
Harris Enters the Enterprise 93
Harris’ Arrest — Tokars’ Advice 94
Mason, Tokars, and ‘Diamonds and Pearls’ 94
Tokars introduces Lawrence to Mason 95
Cline Receives Cocaine from Brown — ‘The Phoenix Club’ 95
Brown’s Arrest 95
Atlanta House Clubs, ‘Diamonds and Pearls’, and Al Brown 96
Sara Tokars Gets the ‘Goods’ 96
Murder of Sara Ambrusko Tokars 97
Tokars Meets Lawrence 97
Tokars and Lawrence Become Partners 97
Murder Scheme 98
‘If Anything Should Happen’ 99
Reaction of Tokars 100
6 December 1992, Interview 100
20 December 1992, Interview 101
Arrests of Lawrence and Rower 102
Conclusion 102
7.Double Standards in Public Life: The Case of International Corruption&Ernesto U.Savona and Laura Mezzanotte 105
Introduction 105
Case Studies 106
International Cooperation 108
Conclusions 109
8.Breaking the Billion Dollar Barrier: Learning the Lessons of BNL, Daiwa, Barings and BCCI&Thomas C.Baxter, Jr. 113
Capitalizing on Our Strengths 114
Controlling Systemic Risk 114
Punishing the Perpetrator 115
Recognizing Our Weaknesses 116
Internal Controls 116
The Will to Act Decisively 118
Think Small 119
Adapting to a Change in Culture 121
Trust 122
Being Aware of External Factors 123
Technology 123
Cross-Border Information-Sharing 124
Individual Motivation 125
Funding 126
Audit 127
Conclusion 128
9.From Regulation to Deregulation to Re-regulation: Rhetorical Quicksand and the Construction of Blame in the US Savings and Loan Crisis&James F.Gilsinan, James E.Fisher, William B.Gillespie, Ellen F.Harshman, Fred C.Yeager 131
Overview 131
Introduction 131
Three Accounts 134
Macro-Analytic Perspective 134
Legal Perspective 136
Personal Account 138
Analysis of the Accounts 140
The Problem Stream 140
The Policy Stream: The Available Solutions 142
The Political Stream 144
Summary and Conclusions 145
References 147
10.Private Risk, Trust, Money and Handling the Proceeds of Corruption: Steps towards an Ecology of Financial Systems Design&Robin Mackenzie 149
Some Economic Approaches 150
Criminology, Moral Hazard and Corruption 152
What Is Wrong with this Picture? Trust, Money and Corruption 155
Risk, Trust and the Ecology of Financial Systems Design 159
Conclusion 165
Ⅳ.Controlling Corruption 167
11.Taking the Profit out of Corruption: A UK Perspective&Susan Taylor 169
Introduction 169
The Confiscation Scheme 170
Investigation 170
Preservation of Assets 171
Realizable Property 172
The Effect of a Restraint Order 172
Repatriation 172
Living and Legal Expenses 173
Appointment of a Pre-conviction Receiver 173
Disclosure Affidavits 173
Making the Confiscation Order 174
Determining Benefit from Any Relevant Criminal Conduct 174
The Amount That Might Be Realized 176
Making the Confiscation Order 177
Compensating Victims in Proceeds of Crime Cases 178
Enforcement 178
The Application 179
Variation and Review of Confiscation Orders Downwards 179
Effect of a Restraint Order on Assets Held Overseas 180
12.Taking the Profit out of Corruption: A US Perspective&Linda J.CandlerOverview 181
US Forfeiture Laws 182
Pretrial Restraint 187
Repatriation of Assets 190
Enforcement of Foreign Confiscation Orders 191
Restitution 192
Conclusion 193
13.Taxing the Proceeds of Corruption&John Glover 195
Propey Interests in the Proceeds of Crime 197
Misappropriated Funds 199
Taxation and Forfeiture 202
Problems with the Taxation of Crime 207
14.The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: An American Response to Corruption&Henry H.Rossbacher and Tracy W.Young 209
Introduction 209
The American Domestic Anti-Corruption Response 210
The Law’s Prohibitions 210
Independent Counsel Law 214
Its Use in Domestic Corruption Prosecutions 214
Brief History 215
The United States and Foreign Corruption Before the Act 216
The Reach of the Law 216
The Extent of the Problem 217
The American Response 217
Breakdown of the Act’s Provisions 218
Accounting Provisions 219
Bribery and ‘Grease’ Payments 219
Affirmative Defences 221
Penalties 221
Advisory Opinions 222
Enforcement 222
Problems Remaining with the Act 222
International Response to the Act and to Bribery 224
International Reaction to the Act 224
International Action 225
The Act’s Record 227
Conclusion 229
15.The United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act as a Civil Remedy&Marvin G.Pickholz 231
Introduction 231
Background and Overview of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 232
The FCPA Accounting Provisions 234
The FCPA Anti-Bribery Provisions 236
Penalties 237
Elements of FCPA Violations 237
Accounting Provisions 237
Record-keeping Standard 238
Internal Controls Standard 238
The Materiality Standard 239
The Anti-Bribery Provisions 239
The Corrupt Party: The Definition of ‘Domestic Concern’ and Public Company （‘Issuer’） 239
The Recipient of the Corrupt Payment: Any ‘Foreign Official’ 241
The Medium of Payment: ‘Anything of Value’ 242
Payments to Third Parties: ‘Knowing’ the Payment Will Be Made to a Foreign Official 242
‘For the Purpose of Influencing’ an Official Act or Decision 244
‘Obtaining or Retaining Business’ 244
Defences and Exempt Transactions 244
Exempt Transactions 244
Statutory Affirmative Defences 245
Lawful Payments 245
Reasonable and Bona Fide Promotional Expenses 246
Rejected Proposed Defences: Business Courtesy and Due Diligence 246
Compliance and Due Diligence 247
Written Policy 247
Written Agreement 248
Background Information 248
Opinion of Counsel 249
The International Dimension 250
Ⅴ.International Initiatives 253
16.Corruption — A General Review with an Emphasis on the Role of the World Bank&Ibrahim F.I.Shihata 255
Different Perspectives on Corruption 255
Corruption as I See It 260
Efforts to Combat Corruption 263
Economic Reform 264
Legal and Judicial Reform 265
Administrative （Civil Service） Reform 266
Other Institutional Reforms 267
Moral Reform 268
International Measures 269
The World Bank’s Efforts 273
The Bank’s Growing Concern with Corruption Issues 273
Ensuring a Corruption-Free Institution 276
Curbing Corruption Under Bank-Financed Loans 277
Assisting Borrowing Members in Curbing Corruption 280
Conclusion 282
17.Extraterritoriality and the Criminalization of Foreign Bribes&David Chaikin 285
Policy Considerations 286
Increased Effectiveness of Bribery Laws in the International Context 286
Improved Governance of Multinational Companies 286
More Even Playing Field in International Business Transactions 287
Cultural Dogmatism and Cultural Insensitivity 287
Interference in National Sovereignty 288
Competitive Disadvantage to Corporations of National State 289
The Prisoner’s Dilemma 289
Government Monopoly on Bribery 290
United States Paradigm 290
Extraterritorial Principles of Criminal Jurisdiction 292
The Territorial Principle 292
The Protective or Security Principle 293
The Active Personality or Nationality Principle 294
The Passive Personality Principle 295
The Universality Principle 295
International Cooperation 295
Criminal Mutual Assistance Treaties and Arrangements 296
International Judicial Assistance in Civil Matters 298
The 1970 Hague Convention 298
Foreign Evidence Act 1994 （Cth） 299
Evidence and Procedure （New Zealand） Act 1994（Cth） 299
Cooperation Between Courts in Insolvency and Bankruptcy Matters 299
International Cooperation Between Regulators 300
Conclusion 301
18.Beating the Shell Game: Bank Secrecy Laws and their Impact on Civil Recovery in International Fraud Actions&George J.Moscarino and Michael R.Schumaker 303
Current Tools of International Civil Discovery in American Courts 305
Letters Rogatory 305
Consent Directives 307
Subpoenas 308
The Opportunity a Parallel Criminal Prosecution Offers a Civil Plaintiff 309
Restitution Under the Victim and Witness Protection Act 310
The Use of Adverse Inferences in a Civil Proceeding 311
Bank Secrecy Laws: Are They Worth the Cost? 312
The Societal Costs Associated with Bank Secrecy Laws 312
The Justifications for Bank Secrecy Jurisdictions and the Alleged Benefits that Flow from Them 315
The Times Have Changed 317
19.Hong Kong Beyond 1997: The Importance of International Cooperation in the Fight Against Corruption&Mike Bishop 319
Introduction 319
1997 — Back to the Future 319
The ICAC — A Brief History 320
The Importance of International Cooperation in the Fight Against Corruption 321
The Scope for International Cooperation — Constraints and Opportunities 322
Beyond 1997 — Business as Usual 324
20.The Role of Interpol in Fighting Economic Crime and Corruption&R.E.Kendall 327
Corruption — A Transnational Crime 327
ICPO-Interpol 327
21.The Fight Against International Corruption in the European Union&Gert Vermeulen 333
Introduction 333
European Union Initiatives 334
Two Draft MultiLateral Anti-Corruption Instruments on Active and Passive Corruption 334
Draft Protocol to the Convention on the Protection of the European Community’s Financial Interests 335
Draft Convention on the Fight Against Corruption Involving Officials of the European Communities or Officials of Member States of the European Union 336
General Considerations 337
Corruption Offences Committed by or Against Members of the EC Institutions 337
Corruption on Behalf of Businesses 338
Jurisdiction 338
International Cooperation in Criminal Matters 339
Ne bis in idem 339
Dispute Settlement and Preliminary Rulings 340
Conclusion 342
22.Corruption: The Council of Europe’s Approach&Peter Csonka 343
Introduction - The Council of Europe 343
Corruption - The Problem 344
Corruption - A Variety of Approaches 346
The Many Facets of Corruption 350
The Provisional Definition Adopted by the Council of Europe 351
Conclusions 353
Index 355
