THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW INSTITUTIONS AND PROCEDURESPDF电子书下载

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1.Introduction 1

1.Conflict， disputes and the Law 1

2.The range of dispute settlement procedures 5

3.justiciability 10

PART ONE： INSTITUTIONS 19

2.Methods of Settlement of Disputes： The Basic Framework 19

1.Introduction 19

2.Negotiation 20

3.Inquiry and fact finding 24

4.Mediation and good offices 27

5.Conciliation 29

6.Arbitration 31

6.1 The Permanent Court of Arbitration 35

6.2 The use of arbitration in recent times 38

7.Dispute Settlement Mechanisms and other developments 39

8.New directions？ Iraq and the UN Compensation Commission 41

3.International Commercial Arbitration 45

1.Introduction 45

2.Arbitration rules 46

2.1 The ICC Rules 47

2.2 The UNCITRAL Rules 50

3.National arbitration laws 51

3.1 The UNCITRAL Model Law 53

4.International agreements on arbitration 54

5.Concluding remarks 58

4.Mixed Arbitrations 59

1.The International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes （ICSID） 59

1.1 The ICSID framework 60

1.1.1 Organs 60

1.1.2 Jurisdiction 61

1.1.3 Submission to ICSID jurisdiction 62

1.1.4 Parties to disputes 64

1.2 ICSID procedure 68

1.2.1 Conciliation 68

1.2.2 Arbitration 69

1.2.3 Enforcement of ICSID awards 73

2.The Iran-US Claims Tribunal 73

2.1 The Hostages Crisis 74

2.2 The Algiers Accords 75

2.3 The Iran-US Claims Tribunal 76

2.3.1 Claims of nationals 77

2.3.2 Official claims 81

2.3.3 Interpretative cases 81

2.3.4 Applicable law 82

2.3.5 Enforcement of Iran-US Claims Tribunal Awards 82

5.Dispute Settlement in the Law of the Sea 84

1.Introduction 84

2.The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea 87

3.The International Court of Justice 90

4.Annex VⅦ arbitral tribunals 90

5.Annex VⅧ special arbitral tribunals 91

6.General provisions 92

6.The Settlement of International Economic Disputes 96

1.The GATT and WTO systems 96

1.1 The GATT system 96

1.2 The WTO system 99

2.Regional trade dispute settlement systems 104

2.1 The EU system 105

2.2 COMESA—the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa 107

2.3 ECOWAS—the Economic Community of West African States 109

2.4 Other African economic organisations 110

2.5 NAFTA—the North American Free Trade Agreement 111

2.6 Mercosur—Mercado Comun del Sur/the Southern Common Market 116

3.International financial disputes 117

3.1 The IMF 117

3.2 The World Bank 119

3.3 The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency （MIGA） 121

4.Concluding remarks 123

7.The International Court of Justice 124

1.Participation 125

2.Composition of the Court and election of judges： Dismissal 126

3.Sittings： Chambers 127

4.Disqualification of judges 129

5.Adhocjudges 130

6.President； Vice-President； Registrar； Seat 131

7.Competence and jurisdiction in contentious cases 132

7.1 All cases which the parties refer to the Court 133

7.2 Matters specially provided for in the UN Charter 135

7.3 Forum prorogatum 136

7.4 Treaties or conventions in force 137

7.5 ‘Transferred’ jurisdiction 139

7.6 The Optional Clause 140

7.6.1 The character of the relationships created by a declaration 140

7.6.2 Reservations 141

7.6.2.1 Domestic jurisdiction 143

7.6.2.2 ‘Automatic’ reservations 143

7.6.2.3 Limitation of jurisdiction to certain categories of case 146

7.6.2.4 Time limitations 146

7.6.2.5 ‘Multilateral treaty’ reservations 148

7.6.2.6 Resort to other means of peaceful settlement 149

7.6.3 Condition of reciprocity 150

7.6.4 Withdrawal or termination of declaration 152

7.6.5 Variation of the terms of a declaration 153

7.6.6 ‘Transferred’ declarations 153

7.6.7 The Optional Clause： Summary 154

8.Admissibility 155

8.1 Hypothetical nature of the case 156

8.2 The case has become ‘moot’ 157

8.3 Lack of interest in the subject matter 157

8.4 Legal interest of a third State 158

8.5 Other examples 161

9.Intervention 162

9.1 Construction of a convention 163

9.2 An interest of a legal nature 164

10.Interim （provisional） measures of protection 168

10.1 Jurisdiction 169

10.2 The exercise of discretion 171

10.3 The scope of interim measures 173

10.4 Relationship to the claim on the merits 174

10.5 Enforcement of interim measures 174

11.Procedure of the Court 175

12.Effect of judgments 177

13.Enforcement of judgments 178

14.Interpretation and revision of judgments 179

15.Non-appearance 180

16.Advisory Opinions 182

PART TWO： PROCEDURE 189

8.The Arbitral Process 189

1.Introduction 190

2.Admissibility 191

2.1 Nationality of claims 191

2.2 Exhaustion of local remedies 195

3.Submission to jurisdiction 198

3.1 Written agreement 200

3.2 Existing or future differences 201

3.3 Defined legal relationship 202

3.4 Arbitrability 202

3.5 Capacity 204

3.6 Validity 206

4.Who is covered by the arbitration agreement？ 207

5.Third parties： Intervention and joinder 208

6.Contents of the arbitration agreement 210

7.Arbitration clauses and submission agreements 212

8.The autonomy of the arbitration clause 212

9.Refusal to arbitrate and the denial of justice 216

10.Establishment and procedure of arbitral tribunals 218

10.1 Time limits 218

10.2 Appointment of arbitrators 219

10.3 Challenge to and disqualification of arbitrators 222

11.Powers and duties of arbitrators 223

12.The authority of truncated tribunals 225

13.Challenges to the tribunal’s jurisdiction 227

14.Lex arbitri 229

15.Delocalisation 232

16.Procedure 235

17.Applicable law 239

18.Remedies 248

18.1 Interim measures 248

18.2 Final remedies 250

19.The award 253

20.Challenges to awards 257

21.Effects of the award 261

22.Enforcement of judgments and awards 263

22.1 The New York Convention 266

22.2 State immunity 270

APPENDICES 270

Appendix 1.Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes 279

Appendix 2.Hague Convention on the Pacific Settlement of Disputes， 1907 285

Appendix 3.ICSID Convention 302

Appendix 4.UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 319

Appendix 5.UNCITRAL Model Law 334

Appendix 6.Statute of the International Court of Justice 346

Appendix 7.Rules of the International Court of Justice 359

Index 391

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